|
|
Strategies and results in the development of insulin derivatives for the treatment of diabetes
Pokorný, Štěpán ; Jiráček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hlouchová, Klára (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to present insulin analogs and to analyse the direction of development of these organic compounds. The text contains basic information on this subject (e.g. the history of Diabetes Mellitus, the first treatment, the discovery of insulin (1921) and the experiments that preceded this discovery...). The thesis also explains the basic differences between type 1 and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the resulting differences in treatment. It mainly summarizes, the specific types of analogs, their chemical composition and the nature of their action. The main contribution of this work lies in the analysis of insulin analogs and the overview of the course in which the development of these analogues is proceeding or what innovations we can expect in diabetes therapy in the upcoming years. The thesis draws primarily from peer-reviewed scientific papers, articles and books (older as well as more recent ones) and from the expertise of the IOCB laboratory. All sources are well cited at the end of the work.
|
|
| |
|
|
Diabetic versus eating in public establishments (candy store) - production of ice cream for diabetics.
KRČMÁŘOVÁ, Lucie
In my bachelor thesis I deal with one of the most common diseases of civilization, diabetes mellitus. The theoretical part contains historical facts, information about anatomy of the pankreas, epidemiological characteristics and types of diabetes, as well as diagnosis, treatment and complications of this disease. In the part dealing with nutrition, I deal with macronutrients and micronutrients found in diabetic nutrition, glycemic index, recommendations for diabetics and the main topic of my bachelor thesis, sweeteners. In the practical part I deal with the production of two types of fruit sorbets (strawberry and raspberry) with the addition of artificial sweetener - sucralose. This ice cream is tested on five healthy volunteers and five volunteers with 1. and 2,. type of diabetes compared to strawberry and raspberry sorbet with sugar. The result of the research is to found out how individual types of the ice cream affect the glycemic curve of healthy volunteers and volunteers with diabetes.
|
|
|
The development of death rates due to selected neoplasms in the European union between the years 1996-2010
Chaloupka, Ondřej ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
In all of the developed countries, malignant neoplasms are, along with cardiovascular diseases, among the most frequent causes of death. This tendency persists in the European Union countries for many years. The goal of this diploma thesis is to analyze the development of mortality caused by selected malignant neoplasms in the European Union countries from the year 1996 until 2010. The analysis is divided into 4 sections. Aside from standard demographic methods of evaluating the mortality rates by means of age-adjusted death rates calculation, statistical methods are used in this thesis as well. Primary methods used are Joinpoint regression, analysis of the course of specific death rates according to age groups and cluster analysis. In the observed period of time, mortality caused by stomach, cervical, and within the male population also respiratory tract malignant neoplasms declines. On the contrary, within the female population, the death rate caused by respiratory tract malignant neoplasms increases. Malignant skin melanoma represent a great future danger concerning the male population, and malignant pancreatic neoplasms concerning both genders. Over the observed time period, malignant skin melanoma death rate almost doubled in some of the countries. Within the European Union, the variations...
|
|
| |
|
|
Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after hemicolectomy and middle pancreatectomy
Linhartová, Kamila ; Hassmannová, Kristina (advisor) ; Charvát, Robert (referee)
Author: Kamila Linhartová Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after hemicolectomy and middle pancreatectomy Aims: Aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize theoretical information about hemicoletcomy and middle pancreatectomy and to demonstrate possible physiotherapy treatment on a case study of a patient after the surgical approaches mentioned above. Methods: Detailed research of theoretical background of oncological diseases of large intestine and pancreas, hemicolectomy, middle pancreatectomy and physiotherapy treatment after abdominal surgery was performed to process the general part of this bachelor thesis. The special part of this thesis consist of a case study of a patient after hemicolectomy and middle pancreatectomy, which originated from bachelor clinical practice at Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague, in the time period between 18. 1. 2021 and 12. 2. 2021. The case study includes anamnesis, entry kinesiological analysis, suggestion and goals of physiotherapy treatment, individual therapy sessions, output kinesiological analysis and an evaluation of effects of performed treatment. Results: During therapy interventions general condition and muscle strength in a patient increased, breathing stereotype adjusted, soft tissues in the abdominal...
|
|
|
Education of patients with pancreatitis in the regime measures
SLABOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of this thesis is to find out what is the current situation of patients suffering from pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is a very serious and increasingly widespread illness, thus, it is important to know how to fully and professionally educate patients suffering from this illness. As there is a great lack of information, brochures and seminars, this thesis will make up a brochure informing and educating patients suffering from pancreatitis sufficiently. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical and an empirical one. The theoretical part contains detailed information about pancreas inflammation. Its causes, symptomps, diagnosis and treatment. There is also a sample diet that should be followed, and a description of nursing such types of patients. Further on, terms such as education and andragogy are explained, their methods, forms or motivation. The second, empirical part is dedicated to research. Based on the set goals and research questions, answers are given via qualitative research via semi-structured interviews carried out in Tábor hospital and České Budějovice hospital. The research file consisted of general nurses working in the above-mentioned hospitals, and patients suffering from pancreatitis in either urgent or chronic form. Data was collected from February to March 2018. Having carried out the interviews and their processing into Microsoft Office Word, identificaton data for general nurses was created, as well as for the respondents. Subsequently, data collected via interviews was analysed, categorized, and coded. Data analysis has proven that educating patients suffering from pacreatitis is done insufficiently, nurses lack sufficient educational constructs as well as time devoted to education. Nevertheless, the research has also proven that although the nurses were lacking time, they were happy with the education.
|
|
|
Sex-specific analysis of mortality for malignant neoplasms in the Czech Republic in the years 1994-2013
Maláková, Kateřina ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kohoutová, Barbora (referee)
Sex-specific analysis of mortality for malignant neoplasms in the Czech Republic in the years 1994-2013 Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze and describe the evolution of mortality due to malignant neoplasms in the Czech Republic from 1994 to 2013 and to study mortality of malignant neoplasms by sexes in detail in the chosen spatial and temporal distribution for the purpose of identifying possible factors which can have an influence on differences between men and women. This thesis deals with mortality from selected causes of death in the malignant neoplasms in addition to the analysis of mortality for the whole group of malignant tumours. There was used standardized mortality rate as the main indicator of mortality and the probability of death by age and decomposition of the difference in life expectancy at birth by cause of death and age between 1994 and 2013 were also used as a more detailed analysis of mortality. During the reported period standardized mortality rate decreased for the whole group of malignant neoplasms and for most particular causes of death for both sexes. It was also found that the differences between men and women are rather decreasing, but for some causes of death such as malignant neoplasm of colon, malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lungs, and malignant neoplasm...
|
|
|
The development of death rates due to selected neoplasms in the European union between the years 1996-2010
Chaloupka, Ondřej ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
In all of the developed countries, malignant neoplasms are, along with cardiovascular diseases, among the most frequent causes of death. This tendency persists in the European Union countries for many years. The goal of this diploma thesis is to analyze the development of mortality caused by selected malignant neoplasms in the European Union countries from the year 1996 until 2010. The analysis is divided into 4 sections. Aside from standard demographic methods of evaluating the mortality rates by means of age-adjusted death rates calculation, statistical methods are used in this thesis as well. Primary methods used are Joinpoint regression, analysis of the course of specific death rates according to age groups and cluster analysis. In the observed period of time, mortality caused by stomach, cervical, and within the male population also respiratory tract malignant neoplasms declines. On the contrary, within the female population, the death rate caused by respiratory tract malignant neoplasms increases. Malignant skin melanoma represent a great future danger concerning the male population, and malignant pancreatic neoplasms concerning both genders. Over the observed time period, malignant skin melanoma death rate almost doubled in some of the countries. Within the European Union, the variations...
|
|
|
Hypoglycaemic conditions requiring rapid arrival of emergency services in South Bohemia
VACKOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis deals with the hypoglycaemic states that is not only a complication for diabetes mellitus disease but there are other diseases such as Adisson's disease or congenital hyperinsulinism. Hypoglycaemia can be for some people life endangered state, mainly if the state is not recognized in time or if an effective therapy is not started. The rapid therapy is crucial and should be started within the first speared symptoms to prevent the state get worse. The thesis acquaints the reader with the major gland's anatomy that influences the glycaemia, then the pancreas and its function and its hormones function. The major hormones are insulin and glucagon. The both hormones have the main influence on the controlling of glycaemia in the body. However, they are not the only ones factors that influence the blood sugar level. In various literature sources, the different glycaemia values can be found. That is the reason why it is difficult to define the level of hypoglycaemic stat. The thesis includes several definitions of the hypoglycaemia that differ according to the physiological values mentioned in various sources. An important part of the thesis is the chapter about the clinical symptoms. In the chapter, most sources concur. The clinical symptoms can be varied, sometimes not enough specified. After a few first vegetative symptoms (unrecognized hypoglycaemia syndrome can missed them), disorders of consciousness from the conscious to the coma usually appears. The coma is a state when a patient does not react on the surrounding. The following chapter describes the process of hypoglycaemic diagnoses. The process is described both in health institutions and during the pre-hospital urgent care where the possibilities are restricted. The care is a necessary part of the state. If the patient is conscious and is able to cooperate, some sweet drink and some chocolate are the best opportunity for the first help. The ideal tool that could be used during the light type of hypoglycaemia is Glukopur. Glukopur is the pure powder glucose that helps to the body that do not have to split disaccharides as within the sweet drinks and bars. Another topic is the dangers of hypoglycaemia. The dangers include the development of dementia that is often connected with hypoglycaemic states, the brain's damage or the dangerous of the heart arrhythmia. The most serious danger that can appear is the death. The thesis describes the summary of medicaments that can cause hypoglycaemia. Hypoglycaemia can appear as a child inherited metabolic disorder or as hyperinsulinism. One of the chapters deals with this topic. The quantitative method data collection was used for the practical part of the thesis. The departures of The Emergency medical service in South Bohemian Region to the hypoglycaemic states during the year 2014 were searched. From the whole set of cases eight of them were randomly chosen and were described case interpretations that show the way of the emergency service intervention within the hypoglycaemic states. The case interpretations depict the patient's state before the arrival of the emergency service, the way of treatment and the patient's state after it. The evaluated indication by health operation centre is depicted in the following section. These indications do not have to be identical to real patient's state. One of the aims of the thesis was to map the most common factors of chosen hypoglycaemic states that were measured according to the NACA scale, grades IV.-VI. The data were gotten by the crew of The Emergency medical service in South Bohemian Region. The next one aim was to map the indications of the health operation centre and the following patient´s state according to the NACA scale.
|
guest ::
